A design methodology for "semi-crystalline" ceramic aerogels has been developed, achieving, for the first time within a single material, the unconventional physical properties of "zero-Poisson's-ratio toughening" and "zero-thermal-expansion stabilization." The method employs gas-turbulence-assisted electrospinning to prepare semi-crystalline nanofiber ceramic aerogels, extending conventional electrospinning—originally limited to two-dimensional films—to the fabrication of three-dimensional materials.

Using a multi-scale superstructure design—combining hyperbolic macro-structures and double-walled micro-structures—the material innovatively realizes "negative-Poisson's-ratio toughening" and "negative-thermal-expansion stabilization" within a single component. This approach establishes both a superstructure design method that transforms ceramic aerogels from brittle to tough and an integrated preparation process that enhances thermal stability and insulation performance.

Inspired by the robust porous structures that succulent plants evolve in harsh environments, graphene aerogel emulates the plant's porous functional tissue, a carbon-nanotube aerogel film mimics the epidermis, and a graphene-oxide organic solution replicates the hemicellulose assembly fluid. By integrating the zero-Poisson's-ratio and negative-thermal-expansion superstructure design of graphene aerogel, this approach resolves the conflict—typical of aerogel materials—between mechanical and functional performance.